Society & Equality

Ageism Against Older Workers

The question
In many countries, older employees find it increasingly difficult to keep or find jobs. Some say this is an unavoidable result of a changing economy, while others see it as unfair discrimination. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Band 9 model answer

As workforces age and technology advances rapidly, the treatment of older employees has become a contentious issue. While some regard their declining job prospects as a natural consequence of economic change, I am convinced that much of this disadvantage amounts to unjustified discrimination.

Those who view the trend as inevitable point to the relentless pace of technological change. Industries are restructured, digital skills become essential almost overnight, and workers trained decades ago may struggle to adapt. From this standpoint, the difficulties older employees face reflect a mismatch between their experience and current demands rather than any prejudice, and economies must prioritise efficiency to remain competitive.

There is partial truth here, yet the discrimination argument is far more persuasive. Many older workers are perfectly capable of acquiring new skills, but are never given the chance because recruiters quietly assume they are inflexible, costly, or close to retirement. Such assumptions are rarely tested against evidence; indeed, experienced staff often bring reliability, judgement, and mentoring abilities that younger colleagues cannot match. When a competent applicant is rejected on the basis of age alone, this is plainly unfair, not an economic necessity.

In my judgement, while economic change creates real pressures, it is frequently used as a convenient excuse to mask prejudice. The appropriate response is to enforce age-discrimination laws robustly and to invest in lifelong retraining, ensuring that experience is valued rather than discarded. A society that carelessly writes off its older members not only commits a clear injustice but also wastes a vast reservoir of skill at the very moment when populations are ageing and such talent is increasingly needed.

Examiner’s notes

Power words for this topic

contentious
likely to cause disagreement
In a sentenceThe treatment of older workers is a contentious issue.
inflexible
unwilling or unable to change
In a sentenceRecruiters wrongly assume older staff are inflexible.
reservoir
a large supply of something available for use
In a sentenceSociety wastes a reservoir of skill by ignoring elders.
robustly
strongly and effectively
In a sentenceAge-discrimination laws should be enforced robustly.