Health & Medicine

Funding Expensive Treatments

The question
Some people argue that governments should pay for expensive medical treatments for everyone who needs them, regardless of cost. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Band 9 model answer

Advances in medicine now offer cures that were once unimaginable, yet many carry staggering price tags. Whether the state should fund such treatments for all, irrespective of expense, is fiercely debated. While I sympathise with the ideal, I disagree that unlimited funding is wise.

Those who support universal funding appeal to the sanctity of life, insisting that no one should die merely because a remedy is costly. This view is morally admirable, and in a compassionate society the principle that a person's survival should not depend on their bank balance is deeply persuasive. For a small number of life-saving therapies, such generosity is clearly justified.

However, treating cost as irrelevant is ultimately self-defeating, because every health budget is finite. Spending an enormous sum to extend one patient's life by a few months inevitably diverts money from vaccinations, maternity care or mental health services that could benefit thousands. Without limits, demand for ever more expensive drugs would quickly bankrupt the system, leaving everyone worse off. Responsible governments must therefore weigh the benefit a treatment delivers against its price, allocating resources where they save the most lives.

In conclusion, although the impulse to fund every treatment springs from genuine compassion, ignoring cost altogether is neither sustainable nor fair to the wider population. The state should guarantee essential and cost-effective care for all, while making difficult but transparent decisions about treatments whose price vastly exceeds their benefit.

Examiner’s notes

Power words for this topic

finite
limited in size or amount
In a sentenceEvery health budget is ultimately finite.
divert
to redirect resources to another use
In a sentenceCostly drugs divert money from basic care.
sanctity
the quality of being sacred or supremely important
In a sentenceThey appeal to the sanctity of human life.
sustainable
able to be maintained over the long term
In a sentenceUnlimited spending is not sustainable.